Neo-communism or democracy
It is said that supporters of reforms within the party had been preparing a coup for at least half of the time 1989 year, and the December events only accelerated the development of events. National Salvation Front (FSN) he was ready to seize power immediately after the fall of Ceausescu.
In December 1989 r. FSN announced, that until the first election it will exercise power as a provisional government and will not put forward its own candidates. But 25 I 1990 r. he announced his participation, provoking massive demonstrations by both of their supporters, as well as opponents. The latter accused FSN, that it is dominated by communists.
Until the elections 20 V 1990 r. stood 88 Political. The competition for the office of president was won by Ion Iliescu from FSN, Winning 85% Votes; ahead of Radu Campeanu of the National Liberal Party, which received 10,6%, as well as the womb of Ratiu of the National Peasant Party, for whom voted 4,3% Voters. The FSN also won a majority in the National Assembly and the Senate..
Meanwhile, the University Square was taken over by students, protesting against the leadership of former members of the Communist Party in the FSN. 13 VI 1990 r.( after the crowds were pacified by the security services, demonstrators burned down police headquarters and attacked interior minister. The government called the protests "an attempt at a fascist coup.”. To help the authorities came to Bucharest 20 000 miners from the Jiu River basin, near Tirgu Jiu. There were sharp clashes and many people were injured. Later it came to light, that the miners were manipulated by the secret police, provoking them to this brutal action.
In September 1991 r. they returned to the capital, to force the resignation of Prime Minister Petre Roman. They expressed dissatisfaction with the free-market economic reforms he introduced, which led to the deterioration of living conditions. His departure significantly stopped the entire restructuring process. Once again, the forces of the former Securitate were involved in the riots.
W 1992 r. the new constitution has been ratified, and in the September elections the leftist Democratic Front of National Salvation won (DFSN, FSN successor), promising to slow down the pace of economic transformation. The government coalition also included several smaller communist and ultra-nationalist parties.. In October 1992 r. Iliescu was re-elected president.
Over the next few years, the Romanian political scene gained some stability under President Iliescu and a government coalition dominated by the Romanian Social Democracy Party. (SDPR). However, the last parliamentary elections (3 XI 1996 r.) have significantly changed the situation. The Romanian Democratic Convention took the lead (CDR; 30%), The PDSR received much less support (21,5%), and even smaller - the Social Democratic Union (USD). The Democratic Union of Hungarians received a few percent of the votes each. (UDMR), party "Greater Romania"” (PMR) and the Romanian Party of National Unity (PUNR). Emil Constantinescu won the presidential election, supported by CDR; Iliescu's womb, with PDSR, lost by nine percent. Changes on the political scene entailed privatization and economic recovery of the country. With the advent of new governments, great hopes were attached to an overall improvement in living conditions; time will tell, whether these expectations will come true.
President Iliescu continued the slow and difficult process of integration with the Western European market. Romania was the first to join the NATO Partnership for Peace program, and in April 1996 r. has applied for full membership of this organization (which is unattainable for her at the moment). It also signed association agreements with the European Union (UE) and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as trade and political treaties with Ukraine, Moldova, Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan and South Korea. The absence of Hungary and Bulgaria on this list is noteworthy – talking to these neighbors is difficult and stormy.